Hey there, language learners! Let’s dive into the Nominativ (nominative case) – one of the simplest grammar concepts in German. Don’t worry, I’ve got you covered with easy examples, helpful tips, and all the info you need to become a Nominativ pro. Ready? Let’s go! 🌟
Table of Contents

What Is the Nominativ?
The Nominativ is the case used for the subject of a sentence. It tells us who or what is doing the action. Think of it as the star of the sentence – the one doing all the cool stuff.
Der Hund spielt im Garten. (The dog is playing in the garden.)
Here, Der Hund (the dog) is the one doing the action, so it’s in the Nominativ.
How Do I Recognize it?
German has four cases (Nominativ, Akkusativ, Dativ, and Genitiv), but the Nominativ is the default one. You’ll see it with:
- The subject of a sentence.
- After the verb sein (to be) or werden (to become).
- By using the question word was (what) to identify the subject.
Examples:
- Was ist das? (What is that?)
- Das ist ein Apfel. (That is an apple.)
- Here, ein Apfel is the subject in the Nominativ case.
More Examples with “Was”:
- Was liegt auf dem Tisch?(What is lying on the table?)
- Ein Buch liegt auf dem Tisch. (A book is lying on the table.)
- Was fährt auf der Straße?(What is driving on the street?)
- Ein Auto fährt auf der Straße. (A car is driving on the street.)
- Was ist in der Tasche?(What is in the bag?)
- Ein Apfel ist in der Tasche. (An apple is in the bag.)
- Was bellt im Garten?(What is barking in the garden?)
- Ein Hund bellt im Garten. (A dog is barking in the garden.)
- Was macht Lärm?(What is making noise?)
- Kinder machen Lärm. (Children are making noise.)
- Was schwimmt im Wasser?(What is swimming in the water?)
- Ein Fisch schwimmt im Wasser. (A fish is swimming in the water.)
Articles in the Nominativ
In German, the articles (a.k.a. “the” and “a/an”) change depending on the case. Hhere’s what you need to know:
Definite Articles (“The”)
Gender | Article (Singular) | Example |
---|---|---|
Masculine | der | Der Mann lacht. |
Feminine | die | Die Frau singt. |
Neuter | das | Das Kind spielt. |
Plural | die | Die Kinder laufen. |
Here is the full post of definite articles!
Indefinite Articles (“A/An”)
Gender | Article (Singular) | Example |
Masculine | ein | Ein Mann lacht. |
Feminine | eine | Eine Frau singt. |
Neuter | ein | Ein Kind spielt. |
Here is the full post of indefinite articles!
Nouns in the Nominativ
Nouns don’t change in the Nominativ case. However, their articles and adjectives will change to show the case. Let’s practice:
Example:
- Der rote Apfel ist lecker. (The red apple is tasty.)
- Der and rote match the masculine Nominativ form.
- Die große Katze spielt. (The big cat is playing.)
- Die and große match the feminine Nominativ form.
Forming Adjectives in the Nominativ
Adjectives in German change based on the gender, number, and article of the noun. Here’s how it works:
Without Articles:
Gender | Adjective Ending | Example |
---|---|---|
Masculine | -er | Großer Hund (Big dog) |
Feminine | -e | Große Blume (Big flower) |
Neuter | -es | Großes Haus (Big house) |
Plural | -e | Große Kinder (Big children) |
Here is a general post about adjectives in German!
Examples:
- Großer Vogel singt. (Big bird sings.)
- Große Frau arbeitet. (Big woman works.)
- Großes Fenster ist sauber. (Big window is clean.)
- Große Bücher liegen auf dem Tisch. (Big books are on the table.)
With Definite Articles:
Gender | Adjective Ending | Example |
Masculine | -e | Der große Hund (The big dog) |
Feminine | -e | Die große Blume (The big flower) |
Neuter | -e | Das große Haus (The big house) |
Plural | -en | Die großen Kinder (The big children) |
Examples:
- Der große Mann läuft. (The big man is walking.)
- Die große Katze springt. (The big cat jumps.)
- Das große Auto fährt schnell. (The big car drives fast.)
- Die großen Freunde lachen. (The big friends laugh.)
With Indefinite Articles:
Gender | Adjective Ending | Example |
Masculine | -er | Ein großer Hund (A big dog) |
Feminine | -e | Eine große Blume (A big flower) |
Neuter | -es | Ein großes Haus (A big house) |
Plural | -e | (No plural indefinite articles in German) |
Examples:
- Ein großer Mann liest. (A big man reads.)
- Eine große Frau singt. (A big woman sings.)
- Ein großes Kind lacht. (A big child laughs.)
Nominativ Pronouns
Pronouns also change depending on the case.
English | German |
I | ich |
You (singular) | du |
He/She/It | er/sie/es |
We | wir |
You (plural) | ihr |
They | sie |
You (formal) | Sie |
Learn more about personal pronouns
Examples:
- Ich liebe Deutsch. (I love German.)
- Er lernt schnell. (He learns quickly.)

Common Beginner Questions
1. How do I know if a noun is in the Nominativ?
Look for the subject of the sentence. If it’s the person or thing doing the action, it’s in the Nominativ.
2. Why do articles change in German?
Articles change to show the grammatical role (subject, object, etc.) of the noun. It’s like a built-in cheat sheet for understanding sentence structure. 📚
3. What verbs use the Nominativ?
Verbs like sein (to be), werden (to become), and heißen (to be called) always take the Nominativ.
- Das ist ein Buch. (That is a book.)
- Sie wird Lehrerin. (She is becoming a teacher.)
4. Does Nominativ exist in English?
Yes! English doesn’t have cases like German, but the concept is the same. For example:
- She runs. (She is the subject, so it’s in the nominative form.)
5. What happens when there are two subjects?
When two subjects are doing the action, they’re both in the Nominativ.
- Der Hund und die Katze schlafen. (The dog and the cat are sleeping.)

Pro Tips for Mastering the Nominativ 🖋
- Memorize articles by gender. Knowing whether a noun is masculine, feminine, or neuter will make using the right article a breeze.
- Practice with simple sentences. Start with “Der Mann ist…” or “Die Frau hat…” to build confidence.
- Use color coding. Highlight masculine nouns in blue, feminine in red, and neuter in green when studying.
- Listen to native speakers. Watch German YouTube channels or listen to podcasts to hear the Nominativ in action.
- Drill pronouns. Swap out subjects in your sentences to practice Nominativ pronouns.

Vocabulary for Practicing 📚✨
Noun | Article | Plural | English Translation |
---|---|---|---|
Blitz | der | die Blitze | lightning |
Wald | der | die Wälder | forest |
Brücke | die | die Brücken | bridge |
Stadt | die | die Städte | city |
Lösung | die | die Lösungen | solution |
Pflanze | die | die Pflanzen | plant |
Instrument | das | die Instrumente | instrument |
Gepäck | das | — | luggage |
Fahrrad | das | die Fahrräder | bicycle |
Glas | das | die Gläser | glass |
Learn about other topics like hobbies, Foods and Drinks, Numbers, or Age
Example Sentences with Vocabulary + “Was” Questions + Article in Answer
- Blitz schlägt in den Baum ein. Was schlägt in den Baum ein? Answer: Der Blitz.
(Lightning strikes the tree. What strikes the tree?) - Wald ist ruhig am Morgen. Was ist ruhig am Morgen? Answer: Der Wald.
(The forest is quiet in the morning. What is quiet in the morning?) - Brücke verbindet zwei Städte. Was verbindet zwei Städte? Answer: Die Brücke.
(The bridge connects two cities. What connects two cities?) - Stadt ist sehr belebt. Was ist sehr belebt? Answer: Die Stadt.
(The city is very busy. What is very busy?) - Lösung ist einfach. Was ist einfach? Answer: Die Lösung.
(The solution is simple. What is simple?) - Pflanze wächst schnell. Was wächst schnell? Answer: Die Pflanze.
(The plant grows quickly. What grows quickly?) - Instrument macht schöne Musik. Was macht schöne Musik? Answer: Das Instrument.
(The instrument makes beautiful music. What makes beautiful music?) - Gepäck ist schwer. Was ist schwer? Answer: Das Gepäck.
(The luggage is heavy. What is heavy?) - Fahrrad ist neu. Was ist neu? Answer: Das Fahrrad.
(The bicycle is new. What is new?) - Glas ist zerbrochen. Was ist zerbrochen? Answer: Das Glas.
(The glass is broken. What is broken?)
Example Sentences (Learn and Practice!):
Build new sentences, following the structure from the previous section, where we ask “Was?” and provide an answer including the noun + article
- Das Buch ist interessant. (The book is interesting.)
- Eine Blume steht auf dem Tisch. (A flower is on the table.)
- Wir gehen ins Kino. (We are going to the cinema.)
- Der Vogel singt schön. (The bird sings beautifully.)
- Du bist mein bester Freund. (You are my best friend.)
- Die Kinder spielen draußen. (The children are playing outside.)
- Eine Katze sitzt auf dem Sofa. (A cat is sitting on the sofa.)
- Der Lehrer erklärt die Grammatik. (The teacher explains the grammar.)
- Wir sind heute müde. (We are tired today.)
- Das Wetter ist wunderschön. (The weather is beautiful.)
- Der Apfel ist rot. (The apple is red.)
- Die Blumen blühen im Frühling. (The flowers bloom in spring.)
- Der Hund bellt laut. (The dog barks loudly.)
- Das Baby schläft ruhig. (The baby sleeps peacefully.)
- Eine Giraffe steht im Zoo. (A giraffe is standing in the zoo.)
- Die Sonne scheint hell. (The sun is shining brightly.)
- Ein Vogel fliegt hoch am Himmel. (A bird is flying high in the sky.)
- Das Kind lacht laut. (The child laughs loudly.)
- Wir sind glücklich hier. (We are happy here.)

Quick Recap 🌐
The Nominativ is your go-to case for the subject of a sentence. Remember:
- Articles change based on gender and number.
- Use it with verbs like sein, werden, and heißen.
- Practice with simple sentences and examples!
You’ve got this! Now go show off your Nominativ knowledge like a grammar boss. 🙌
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